Cnc Cutting – What Is Cnc Cutting

What Is CNC cutting? It is an exponentially controlled flame, plasma, laser and water jet cutting machine. It performs full-time, automatic, efficient, high-quality, and high-utilization CNC cutting according to the optimized nesting cutting program provided by the CNC cutting nesting software. CNC cutting represents a modern high-tech production method, and is the product of the combination of advanced optimized nesting calculation technology with computer numerical control technology and cutting machinery.

The so-called CNC cutting refers to a workpiece instruction (or program) used to control a machine tool or equipment, which is a new control method given in digital form. When the instructions are provided to the control device of the CNC automatic cutting machine, the cutting machine can automatically cut according to the given program. Numerical control cutting technology is an organic combination of traditional processing technology and computer numerical control technology, computer-aided design and auxiliary manufacturing technology. Numerical control cutting is composed of two parts: numerical control system and mechanical structure. Compared with traditional manual and semi-automatic cutting, CNC cutting can effectively control and improve the cutting quality and cutting efficiency through the cutting technology, cutting process and automatic control technology provided by the CNC system that is the controller.

Advantages and disadvantages of CNC cutting

Advantages: The numerical control nesting software effectively improves the utilization rate of steel through computer drawing, parts optimization nesting and numerical control programming, and improves the work efficiency of cutting production preparation. The CNC cutting machine effectively controls and improves the cutting quality and cutting efficiency through the cutting technology, cutting process and automatic control technology provided by the CNC system that is the controller.

Disadvantages: Because of the higher cutting efficiency of CNC cutting, nesting programming is more complicated. If the optimized nesting programming software is not used or not used, the waste of steel will be more serious, resulting in faster cutting, more cutting, and more waste many. The numerical control system is the controller, which is the heart of the numerical control cutting machine. If the numerical control system is not used well, or the numerical control system does not have the due cutting technology and cutting experience, it will lead to cutting quality problems, thereby reducing cutting efficiency and causing waste of steel. It also lost the advanced nature of CNC cutting automation, high efficiency, high quality and high utilization rate.

CNC cutting technology

CNC cutting technology is an automated and efficient cutting technology developed on the basis of precise and rapid cutting technology. An important part of the CNC cutting technology is the CNC cutting machine, which is composed of a CNC system, a programming system, a pneumatic system and a mechanical operating system.

CNC system

The numerical control system is an important part of the cutting machine, which is composed of a computer system, a servo system, a control unit and an actuator.

• (1) The computer system is composed of a computer host, a monitor and a keyboard.
• (2) The servo system is a closed-loop control of the motor under computer control to realize the stepless speed regulation of the motor. Because the steel plate cutting site conditions are poor and the cutting speed is not high, the servo system mostly uses an AC servo system. The AC servo system has strong anti-interference ability, especially at low speed, the advantages are more prominent.
• (3) The control unit is the switch between the computer and the manual control, and the center of the logic processing of the manual control and the computer control signal, that is, the center that sends out the control signal, to realize the control of the computer, each motor and each solenoid valve.
• (4) The actuator includes motors and solenoid valves.

Programming system

The programming system is a computer-aided system for parts programming and nesting developed for CNC cutting machines. The entire production process (including auxiliary processes) can be formed as a whole and organized systematically. In the mode of mutual question and answer, the user can use the various graphic input methods provided by the system to easily and flexibly create and edit part graphics and realize steel plate nesting. Integrate modern production methods with modern management. The programming machine compiles the program on the floppy disk and then inputs it into the cutting machine’s control system, and then starts the cutting machine to start cutting. Simple programming can also be carried out on the cutting machine.
Pneumatic system
The gas circuit system includes various gas supply pipelines, valves, pressure reducers, pressure gauges and solenoid valves. The on and off of each gas circuit is adjusted in advance and then controlled by the control system to realize automatic on and off.
Mechanical operation system
The mechanical running system is composed of beams, edge seats, speed reduction mechanism, lifting mechanism, etc. Due to the realization of automatic control, higher requirements are put forward for the accuracy of the mechanical operation system. Such as mechanical running straightness: 10m±0.2mm.
Because of the use of a computer control system. The entire cutting production process: including steel plate leveling, shot peening, painting, drying, cutting parts programming nesting, powder spraying and marking, part cutting, numbering and warehousing, etc., can all be automatically managed. This greatly improves production efficiency. Equipped with precise and fast cutting technology, the cutting quality can reach machined Ra12.5μm and Ra6.3μm. It is a technological method that makes cutting from mechanical blanking to mechanical processing.

CNC cutting method

Cutting machines are divided into laser cutting machines, plasma cutting machines, and flame cutting machines. The laser cutting machine has the fastest efficiency and the highest cutting accuracy, and the cutting thickness is generally small. The cutting speed of the plasma cutting machine is also very fast, and the cutting surface has a certain slope. The flame cutting machine is designed for thicker carbon steel materials.

Laser cutting method

Cutting quality: excellent inclination angle, small area affected by heat. Basically no slag can achieve good to excellent fine cutting results under the narrowest bend conditions. Production capacity: the cutting torch can be quickly disengaged, which improves the production efficiency. The cutting speed is extremely fast when cutting metal materials with a thickness of less than 6mm. Thicker, the slower the speed, the thicker the metal, the longer the perforation time. Generally, laser cutting is used in non-metal cutting metal, only high-precision laser cutting is used!

Operation cost: The cost of a single operation is high due to the consumption of electricity and gas, high maintenance cost and relatively low cutting speed when cutting thicker materials.

Maintenance method: professional and technical personnel are required to complete complex maintenance work!

Plasma cutting method

Cutting quality: excellent inclination angle, small area affected by heat, basically no slag, good to excellent fine cutting effect

Production capacity: when cutting metal materials of various thicknesses, the speed is extremely fast, and the perforation speed is extremely fast

Operation cost: long service life of wearing parts, good production efficiency, excellent cutting quality, resulting in a single operation cost lower than other technologies

Maintenance method: Usually the in-plant maintenance team can properly maintain many components

Flame cutting method

Cutting quality: good inclination, large heat-affected area, large amount of slag, and need to be reworked

Production capacity: slow cutting speed, preheating time will increase the number of perforations

Operation cost: low production efficiency and rework required, resulting in a single operation cost higher than plasma

Maintenance method: usually simple maintenance can be carried out by the maintenance team in the factory